Drilling mechanism



Oct- 25, 1932. r-:. G. GARTIN DRILLING MECHANISM Filed Aug. 27, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet Oct. 25, 1932. E. G. GARTIN DRILLING MECHANISM Filed Aug. 27. 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Any.

straight lugs 21 on the chuck nut, and the sleeve 9 to the drill steel 8. The construction described above is common in rock drills of the type disclosed and further description of the same is not considered necessary.

Cylinder 1 has preferably formed integral therewith laterally positioned valve casings 23 and 24 and in these casings are niounted valve bushings 25 and 26 respectively having bores therein forming valve chests. As illustrated in Fig. 4, motive fluid is supplied to each of these valve chests from a supply connection 27 and a manually Controlled throttle valve 28 through a straight passage 29 to an annular groove 30 and thence by way of radial passages 31 and to longitudinally extending passages 33 and 34 respectively; from the passage 33 motive fluid is conducted through ports 85 and 36 into the valve chests 37 and 38 respectively on one side of the cylinder and from the passage 34 motive fluid is supplied through ports 39 and 40 to the valve chests 41 and 42 respectively on the opposite side of the cylinder. A valve 43 is slidably mounted in each of the valve chests, the details of construction of this valve being best illustrated in Fig. 7. The valve is hollowed out for nearly its entire length and has a guiding portion 44 and two cnlarged spools 45 and 46 which are preferably of the same diameter. Other important features of this valve are the stop lugs 48, the passage 49 and the annular fluid conducting groove 50 between the spools 45 and 46. The adjacent ends of the valve chests are vented to the atmosphere through passages 44a in the valve bushings and valve casings to relieve the pressure on the ends of the guiding portions 44. Each of the valve bushings has formed therein annular exhaust grooves 51 opening to the atmosphere through passages 52, and similar inlet grooves 53, those for the rearwardly disposed valves opening into the cylinder through passages 54 and 55 and those for the front end of the cylinder communicating with the same through ports 56 and. 57. Bufi'er plugs 58 engage the rear end of the cylinder and each of the valve bushings for the purpose of holding the latter in the proper position. Suitable means are provided for throwing the valves from one position to another which preferably take the form of passages independ'ently Controlled by the piston. In this instance, the throw passages 59 and 60 for the valves adj acent the rear end of the cylinder communicate with the cylinder by way of the ports 61 and 62 respectively which will be noted to be space-d apart longitudinally a slight amount. Similar throw passages 63 and 64 communicate with the valve chests adjacent the front end of the cylinder and with the cylinder at 65 and 66 respectively, and these ports are also preferably spaced longitudinally a slight amount. A relatively large exhaust port 67 is located centrally of the cylinder for the purpose of conducting away a part of the exhaust when uncovered by the piston.

In the bore 14 of the rear cylinder head 15 is mounted a supporting head member 68 which supports the rear end 69 of a water conducting tube. This tube extends forwardly through the rotation mechanism and through a bore 70 in the striking bar of the piston and into the rear end of the drill steel 8. Cleansing fiuid may be supplied by any usual connection through the member 71 attached to the supporting` head. It will be understood that this supporting head, the rear cylinder head, cylinder and Chuck housing are held' together by usual side rods 72 which have flat sided heads 73 on their rear cnds. one of the flat sides engaging against the cooperating flat surface 74 formed integral with the supporting head 68.

In describing the operation of my impreved drilling' apparatus it will be assumed that in starting the moving parts are in the positions shown in Fig. 1. At this time the throttle valve 28 is opened and motive fiuid is supplied from the connection 27 through passage 29, groove 30, radial passages 81 and 82, longitudinally extending passages 33 and 34 and fills the annular space around the reduced portion 44 of each of the valves. The valves for the rear end of the cylinder are held in the position shown in Fig. 1 by unbalanced fiuid pressure acting on the enlarged' spools 45 which allow inotive fiuid to flow through the annular passages 53 and passages 54 and 55 to the rear end of the cylinder. The piston is then inoved forward under the force of the actuating fiuid and delivers a blow on the drill steel 8. The valves adj acent the front end of the cylinder are held in their rear position as illustrated in Fig'. 1 by fiuid pressure which flows through the ports 49 and hollowed out portions of the valve to act on the end surface of the enlarged spool 46. The area thus exposed to live fiuid pressure is greater than the exposed area on the spool 45 whereby these valves are held in their rearward' or exhaust position. The front end of the cylinder is then open to exhaust through the passages 56 and 57 and annular grooves 50 and eXhaust ports 52. During the forward movement of the piston the port 65, and at a slightly later time the port- 66, are uncovered and at approximately the same times the ports 61 and 62 are covered. Pressure will then build up on the rear side of the valve adjacent the rear end of the cylinder by motive fiuid. fiowing through the ports 49 and since this fiuid can no longer escape through the ports 61 and 62, these valves will be thrown to the position shown in Fig. 2, thereby opening the rear end of the cylinder to the exhaust by way of the passages 54 and 55, annular grooves 50 and exhaust ports 52.

Ali bllll thelsame moment, oIflPSSbl y trifle seoner`,`therear endf of the cylinderl Will be opened to atmosphere throughfthelarge exhaust port'l'. It Will be jobserved that the front surfaces of the large spools 46 on'the valves for the `front end of 1the, cylinder'are novv in communication `with the atmosphere through thefthrowing passages and 64:7, ports 6 5and` 66 and the rearend of the cylinden` These valves are thenV shifted````` to 4 the i position shown in Fig. 2 by livef pressure actingonthe unbala-nced area of thefspool 45,

in'vvhichposition thefront end ofthecylinder Will` be incoinmunicationWith`the live pressurethrough rpassages 56 and 5-7 and' annularipassages 53: The piston will now begin its returnstrole and cover the portsf` and 6d in turn, thereby allovvingj pressure to be built upin the front ends of the valve chests 38 and`42, and these valveswill'be thrown to ithe jposition shown`` in ``Fig. 1. `The passages 61 and 62:*wil`l then be'l'uncovered in turn and' the holding 1pressure onthej rear valveslvvill be releaseddue tothe'drop in pressure through the valvecontrolledeXha-ust ;ports and piston Controlled exhaust port,

andflthey Will also be shifted to the position shown in Fig. 1. The same cycle of events as hasjust been describedvvill berepeated over and over`` during` the normal operation i of the drill.` flt Will also bo`` apparentthat the' centralport'? Willserve toconduct alarge portion`= of the cxhaust`` fluid and thus1 aids in a I the"`^pre`vention of the building up of back pressure, and alsoieliminates thetrouble due to freeing in the regular exhaust passages.

Froni'this descriptionit will beobserved that a' plurality Aof valves i are provided for eaclrend of the cylinder `vvhich Will bethrown i at slightly different times and thereby red'uce the time element between theclosing of the i exhaust andreeadmission of motive fluid to the gcylinder, thus speeding up the `drilling Jperation.` It Willalsobe clearthatyvith a given diameter of valve, tvvice the amount of `inotive fluid may be conducted to the cylinder and thusthe sizes of the valves for the larger roclrd'rills may be materially reduced. rhis construction also is much more compact and better balanced than thesingle valve cone struction.`

``distribution means'ifor effecting reciprocation of said piston including a plurality of fluid`` actuated fluid distributing valve means forcontrolling fluid admission to only one end of said cylinder, means for Operating said"valve means in` dilferently timed rela-` vtion`` including passages Controlled by said pistonfor controlling pressure fluid fiowbetween said cylinder and said valve means for1 controlling throvving of the latter, andindependently` operable fluid distribution means" for only theopposite endof said cylinder.

2; Inapressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a`` pistonreciprocable in said cylinder, and fiuid 'distribution means `Vfor effecting reciproca-` i tion offsaidpiston includingY aplurality of fluid actuatedzfluid distribution valves 'for each end of said cylinder, said valves having pressureareas adapted `to be subjected to, i

fluid pressure, and thefvalves for one end of said cylinder being operable independent-` ly of the valves forl the opposite end, 'and fluid pressure means Controlled independently by said piston for operating the valves for onemend of the cylinderinfdilferently timed relation including passages controlled by said piston for controlling pressure fiuid flow be-` tween sald cylinder and the said valves for said end. i i i In a` dr1ll1ng mechanisni, the combination with a cylmderand a piston recipropressure areas on for one end being operable independently of the valves for the opposite end, and a piston controlled valve controllingpassage leading from each valve to different points in the cyl-V inder whereby one of thevalves for one end of the cylinder 'is thrown earlier than: another.`

4. Ina drilling mechanism, the combination 'with a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein, ahead block and fluid distribution meanscomprising aplurality of valve chests arranged in pairs circuinferentially'of said cylinder,`` a fluid supply connection in said head block, a throttle valveJ for 'controlling' the same, a plurality of passages communicatv`cablethereimof a plurality of distribution i valves at each endof the cylinder, the valves ing'Withsaidfpassage inthe head block and' extending longitudinally of the cylinder adjacentsaidpairs ofvalve chests, each of said' latter passages communicating With the valve chestsnof one pair at longitudinally spaced points, `means'for supplying and exhausting' said 'cylinder through said valve chests, and a valve in' each Jchest controlling such supply andexhaust.

5. ,In a fluid actiiated motor, a'llcylinder, i

a piston reciprocable therein, a valve chest providingboresof different jdiaineters,` a valve forcontrolling fluid distribution for said motor presenting portions slidably fittingeach of said bores, fluid'fsupply means conimunicating with the larger bore, a passagefleading to said cylinder controlled by i said valve and communicating With the larg-` er ``bore, and a vent passage Controlled by 1 said piston and opening into the larger bore at the end of the latter remote from the smaller bore, said Valve having a passage opening through its larger end and through the side of its smaller portion for supplying pressure fluid to said remote end of said. larger bore.

6. lu a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein, and fluid distribution means for eifecting reciprocation of said piston including a. plurality of reciprocable fluid distributing Valres for controlling' the supply and exhaust of fluid for only one end of the cylinder, said Valres being fluid actuated and .aying pressure areas adapted to be subjected to pressure fluid, fluid pressure means for indcnendently throwing said yalves in dill'cren'dy timed relation including' passages con-trollell ly said pis-ton for controlling pressure fi id flow between id cylinder and said Yalves, and independently operable fluid distribution means for only the opposite end of said cylinder.

7. ln a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocaI le in said cylinder, and fluid distribution means for effecting reciprocation of said piston including four independently operable fluid actuated fluid distribution Valves, two of said Valres controlling the supply and ehaust of pressure fluid for one end of said cy inder, ar l the other two ralves controlling the 'upply and exhaust of fiuid forv the opposite end of said cylinder, said wali/'es having areas adapted to be subjected to theaction of pressure fluid, and passage means Controlled by said piston for controlling` pressure fluid flow between said cylinder and the pressure areas on said valves independently to cause throwing of the latter in differently timed relation.

8. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocahle therein, and fluid distribution means for effecting reciprocation of said piston including a plurality of fi id distributing ralyes at each end of the cylinder, each of the valyes controlling tl e supply of pressure fluid to and the ezdiaust from only one end of the cylinder, and the Valves for one end being operable independently of the Valves for the opposi'te end, and throwing passage means Controlled by the piston includin piston Controlled throwing passage leading from each Valve to different points in the cylinder wherehy one of the Valves for one end of the cylinder is thrown earlier than another at the same end.

9. In a iressure fluid motor, fluid distributing Valve mechanism comprising a Valve chest having dilferential bores and annular groores in the walls of the larger bore, an exhaust port connecting one groove to atmosphere, a fluid conducting passage communicating with the other groove, a differential Valve reciprocably mounted in said bores and having a sleeve-lile body portion fitting the vsmaller bore and spaced spools fitting the larger bore, a fluid inlet passage communicating With the larger bore longitudinally of the Valve chest between said grooves and said smaller bore, said Valve, upon reciprocation, alternatively connecting said fluid conducting passage with the fluid inlet passage and exhaust port.

10. In a pressure fluid motor, fluid dis- 'trihuting Valve mechanism comprising a valve chest having differential bores and annular grooves vin the walls of the larger bore, an exhaust port connecting one groove to atmosphere, fluid conducting passage communicating with the other groo e, a differential Valve reciprocably mounted in said bores and having a sleeve-like body portion fitting the smaller bore, and spaced spools fitting the larger bore, a fluid inlet passage communicating` With the larger bore long'itudinally of the Valve chest between said grooVes and said smaller bore, said Valve, upon reciprocation, alternatively connecting said fluid conducting passage with the fluid inlet passage and exhaust port, and a Vent passage connecting one end of said smaller bore to atmosphere.

11. n a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston in said cylinder, and fluid distribution means including a Valve chest providing al'ned bores of different diameters, a valve having portions fitting said bores, means for Venting the end of the smaller bore remote from the larger bore, means for supplying fluid under pressure to the larger bore at a point spaced from its end remote from the smaller bore, means forming a motive fluid distribution passage leading between the cylinder and said larger bore and communicating with the latter at a point therein between the point of fluid supply thereto and W? the end of said bore remote from the smaller bore, exhaust means communicating` with said larger bore still nearer the last mentioned end of the latter bore, and means formed in the Valve for constantly connecting the end of the Valve remote from the smaller bore With the fluid supply to the Valve chest, and piston Controlled means foi` controlling the pressure at the end of the larger bore remote from the smaller bore.

In testimony Whereof I aflix my signature.

ELMER G. GARTIN. 

